docker scout cves

Description	Display CVEs identified in a software artifact
Usage	`docker scout cves [OPTIONS] [IMAGE\|DIRECTORY\|ARCHIVE]`

Description

The docker scout cves command analyzes a software artifact for vulnerabilities.

If no image is specified, the most recently built image is used.

The following artifact types are supported:

Images
OCI layout directories
Tarball archives, as created by docker save
Local directory or file

By default, the tool expects an image reference, such as:

redis
curlimages/curl:7.87.0
mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet/runtime:7.0

If the artifact you want to analyze is an OCI directory, a tarball archive, a local file or directory, or if you want to control from where the image will be resolved, you must prefix the reference with one of the following:

image:// (default) use a local image, or fall back to a registry lookup
local:// use an image from the local image store (don't do a registry lookup)
registry:// use an image from a registry (don't use a local image)
oci-dir:// use an OCI layout directory
archive:// use a tarball archive, as created by docker save
fs:// use a local directory or file
sbom:// SPDX file or in-toto attestation file with SPDX predicate or syft json SBOM file In case of sbom:// prefix, if the file is not defined then it will try to read it from the standard input.

Options

Option	Default	Description
`--details`		Print details on default text output
`--env`		Name of environment
`--epss`		Display the EPSS scores and organize the package's CVEs according to their EPSS score
`--epss-percentile`		Exclude CVEs with EPSS scores less than the specified percentile (0 to 1)
`--epss-score`		Exclude CVEs with EPSS scores less than the specified value (0 to 1)
`-e, --exit-code`		Return exit code '2' if vulnerabilities are detected
`--format`	`packages`	Output format of the generated vulnerability report: - packages: default output, plain text with vulnerabilities grouped by packages - sarif: json Sarif output - spdx: json SPDX output - markdown: markdown output (including some html tags like collapsible sections) - sbom: json SBOM output
`--ignore-base`		Filter out CVEs introduced from base image
`--locations`		Print package locations including file paths and layer diff_id
`--multi-stage`		Show packages from multi-stage Docker builds
`--only-cve-id`		Comma separated list of CVE ids (like CVE-2021-45105) to search for
`--only-fixed`		Filter to fixable CVEs
`--only-metric`		Comma separated list of CVSS metrics (like AV:N or PR:L) to filter CVEs by
`--only-package`		Comma separated regular expressions to filter packages by
`--only-package-type`		Comma separated list of package types (like apk, deb, rpm, npm, pypi, golang, etc)
`--only-severity`		Comma separated list of severities (critical, high, medium, low, unspecified) to filter CVEs by
`--only-stage`		Comma separated list of multi-stage Docker build stage names
`--only-unfixed`		Filter to unfixed CVEs
`--only-vex-affected`		Filter CVEs by VEX statements with status not affected
`--only-vuln-packages`		When used with --format=only-packages ignore packages with no vulnerabilities
`--org`		Namespace of the Docker organization
`-o, --output`		Write the report to a file
`--platform`		Platform of image to analyze
`--ref`		Reference to use if the provided tarball contains multiple references. Can only be used with archive
`--vex-author`		List of VEX statement authors to accept
`--vex-location`		File location of directory or file containing VEX statements

Examples

Display vulnerabilities grouped by package

$ docker scout cves alpine
Analyzing image alpine
✓ Image stored for indexing
✓ Indexed 18 packages
✓ No vulnerable package detected

Display vulnerabilities from a docker save tarball

$ docker save alpine > alpine.tar

$ docker scout cves archive://alpine.tar
Analyzing archive alpine.tar
✓ Archive read
✓ SBOM of image already cached, 18 packages indexed
✓ No vulnerable package detected

Display vulnerabilities from an OCI directory

$ skopeo copy --override-os linux docker://alpine oci:alpine

$ docker scout cves oci-dir://alpine
Analyzing OCI directory alpine
✓ OCI directory read
✓ Image stored for indexing
✓ Indexed 19 packages
✓ No vulnerable package detected

Display vulnerabilities from the current directory

$ docker scout cves fs://.

Export vulnerabilities to a SARIF JSON file

$ docker scout cves --format sarif --output alpine.sarif.json alpine
Analyzing image alpine
✓ SBOM of image already cached, 18 packages indexed
✓ No vulnerable package detected
✓ Report written to alpine.sarif.json

Display markdown output

The following example shows how to generate the vulnerability report as markdown.

$ docker scout cves --format markdown alpine
✓ Pulled
✓ SBOM of image already cached, 19 packages indexed
✗ Detected 1 vulnerable package with 3 vulnerabilities
<h2>:mag: Vulnerabilities of <code>alpine</code></h2>

<details open="true"><summary>:package: Image Reference</strong> <code>alpine</code></summary>
<table>
<tr><td>digest</td><td><code>sha256:e3bd82196e98898cae9fe7fbfd6e2436530485974dc4fb3b7ddb69134eda2407</code></td><tr><tr><td>vulnerabilities</td><td><img alt="critical: 0" src="https://img.shields.io/badge/critical-0-lightgrey"/> <img alt="high: 0" src="https://img.shields.io/badge/high-0-lightgrey"/> <img alt="medium: 2" src="https://img.shields.io/badge/medium-2-fbb552"/> <img alt="low: 0" src="https://img.shields.io/badge/low-0-lightgrey"/> <img alt="unspecified: 1" src="https://img.shields.io/badge/unspecified-1-lightgrey"/></td></tr>
<tr><td>platform</td><td>linux/arm64</td></tr>
<tr><td>size</td><td>3.3 MB</td></tr>
<tr><td>packages</td><td>19</td></tr>
</table>
</details></table>
</details>
...

List all vulnerable packages of a certain type

The following example shows how to generate a list of packages, only including packages of the specified type, and only showing packages that are vulnerable.

$ docker scout cves --format only-packages --only-package-type golang --only-vuln-packages golang:1.18.0
✓ Pulled
✓ SBOM of image already cached, 296 packages indexed
✗ Detected 1 vulnerable package with 40 vulnerabilities

Name   Version   Type         Vulnerabilities
───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
stdlib  1.18     golang     2C    29H     8M     1L

Display EPSS score (--epss)

The --epss flag adds Exploit Prediction Scoring System (EPSS) scores to the docker scout cves output. EPSS scores are estimates of the likelihood (probability) that a software vulnerability will be exploited in the wild in the next 30 days. The higher the score, the greater the probability that a vulnerability will be exploited.

$ docker scout cves --epss nginx
 ✓ Provenance obtained from attestation
 ✓ SBOM obtained from attestation, 232 packages indexed
 ✓ Pulled
 ✗ Detected 23 vulnerable packages with a total of 39 vulnerabilities

...

 ✗ HIGH CVE-2023-52425
   https://scout.docker.com/v/CVE-2023-52425
   Affected range  : >=2.5.0-1
   Fixed version   : not fixed
   EPSS Score      : 0.000510
   EPSS Percentile : 0.173680

EPSS Score is a floating point number between 0 and 1 representing the probability of exploitation in the wild in the next 30 days (following score publication).
EPSS Percentile is the percentile of the current score, the proportion of all scored vulnerabilities with the same or a lower EPSS score.

You can use the --epss-score and --epss-percentile flags to filter the output of docker scout cves based on these scores. For example, to only show vulnerabilities with an EPSS score higher than 0.5:

$ docker scout cves --epss --epss-score 0.5 nginx
 ✓ SBOM of image already cached, 232 packages indexed
 ✓ EPSS scores for 2024-03-01 already cached
 ✗ Detected 1 vulnerable package with 1 vulnerability

...

 ✗ LOW CVE-2023-44487
   https://scout.docker.com/v/CVE-2023-44487
   Affected range  : >=1.22.1-9
   Fixed version   : not fixed
   EPSS Score      : 0.705850
   EPSS Percentile : 0.979410

EPSS scores are updated on a daily basis. By default, the latest available score is displayed. You can use the --epss-date flag to manually specify a date in the format yyyy-mm-dd for fetching EPSS scores.

$ docker scout cves --epss --epss-date 2024-01-02 nginx

List vulnerabilities from an SPDX file

The following example shows how to generate a list of vulnerabilities from an SPDX file using syft.

$ syft -o spdx-json alpine:3.16.1 | docker scout cves sbom://
 ✔ Pulled image
 ✔ Loaded image                                                                                                                              alpine:3.16.1
 ✔ Parsed image                                                                    sha256:3d81c46cd8756ddb6db9ec36fa06a6fb71c287fb265232ba516739dc67a5f07d
 ✔ Cataloged contents                                                                     274a317d88b54f9e67799244a1250cad3fe7080f45249fa9167d1f871218d35f
   ├── ✔ Packages                        [14 packages]
   ├── ✔ File digests                    [75 files]
   ├── ✔ File metadata                   [75 locations]
   └── ✔ Executables                     [16 executables]
    ✗ Detected 2 vulnerable packages with a total of 11 vulnerabilities